petrochemical industry
       "4 · 6" explosion and fire accident of Fujian Zhangzhou Tenglong aromatics (Zhangzhou) Co., Ltd
       On April 6, 2015, a major explosion and fire accident occurred in the xylene plant of Tenglong aromatics (Zhangzhou) Co., Ltd., located in gulegang Economic Development Zone, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. Six people were injured and another 13 people were detained in the hospital for observation. The direct economic loss was 94.57 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was the fluctuation of pressure and flow during the start-up of xylene plant, which led to liquid hammer, resulting in the fracture of the welded joint of the pipeline with welding quality problems and material leakage. The leaked material was inhaled by the blower and went into the heating furnace to explode, causing the nearby heavy naphtha storage tank and light and heavy whole liquid storage tank to burst and burn. The fire was completely extinguished 57 hours later.
       "4 · 25" hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident in Shenyang paraffin Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 25, 2013, a poisoning accident occurred during the maintenance and construction of the gas separation unit in Shenyang paraffin Chemical Co., Ltd., causing three deaths. At the time of the accident, three operators were engaged in blind plate pumping and blocking operation at the pump pressure relief blind plate. Due to improper protective measures, three operators died of hydrogen sulfide poisoning.
       Fine chemical industry
       "4.1" hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident of Futai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. in Daming County, Handan
       On April 1, 2016, a hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident occurred in Futai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Daming County, Handan City, Hebei Province, causing three deaths and three injuries. The direct cause of the accident was that the tail gas absorption tower was not opened when the enterprise discharged the sodium sulfide wastewater from the pilot production, which resulted in the reaction between the alkaline wastewater containing sodium sulfide and the acidic wastewater in the waste water pool, releasing hydrogen sulfide gas, which flowed back to the workshop suction and filtration tank through the waste gas main pipe and escaped, resulting in poisoning of one person working nearby, and the rescue personnel did not take any protective measures In this case, the blind rescue will lead to the expansion of the accident consequences.
       "4 · 26" explosion accident of Qingdao Hengyuan Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 26, 2007, an explosion occurred in the aniline plant of Qingdao Hengyuan Chemical Co., Ltd. during pipeline construction in the mixed acid tank farm, resulting in three deaths. At the time of the incident, the maintenance workshop of the aniline plant carried out piping operation in the mixed acid tank farm, and explosion occurred during hot work. The work content and position specified in the hot work permit for this hot work are ambiguous, whether the hot work analysis has been carried out is uncertain, the sampling point, the sampler and the items required to be analyzed are not clear, and there is no content index of key combustible components. The examination and approval personnel sign on the hot work permit without implementing safety measures on site.
       Explosion accident of "4 · 4" liquid chlorine gasifier in Wuhan Changjiang chemical plant, Hubei Province
       On April 4, 1989, an explosion occurred in the vaporizer of Changjiang chemical plant in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, causing three deaths, one serious injury and three minor injuries. The direct cause of the accident is: the gasifier of liquid chlorine gasification post in the fluorine refrigerant section of the plant was stopped due to the problem of oil and water in the recovery process, and then changed to liquid chlorine gasifier. There was a large amount of oil in the pot, but the oil was not cleaned after being washed by cold water. When the pot was gasified with chlorine gas, the oil, water, rust and chlorine in the pot reacted chemically, leading to explosion.
       Shanxi Yunyan New Material Co., Ltd. "4.9" major accident
       On April 9, 2018, a suffocation accident occurred in Shanxi Yunyan New Material Co., Ltd., Yanhu District, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province, causing three deaths. The direct cause of the accident was that when commissioning new equipment in the company's new project, nitrogen was used to put the water pressure in 1 reactor into 2 reactor. One person opened the manhole cover of 1 reactor and suffocated after entering. The other two people died of suffocation after blindly rescuing.
       "4. 9" fire accident of Chengde Tian Li Hai flavor and fragrance Co., Ltd.
       In April 9, 2016, a fire accident occurred in the Hebei Tian Long Hai flavor and fragrance Co., Ltd., resulting in 4 deaths and 3 burns. The direct cause of the accident is: the hydrolysis kettle in the second chemical plant was heated too fast, and the pressure of the materials in the kettle increased after sudden boiling, which led to the physical explosion of the hydrolysis kettle, and the materials containing methanol leaked from the hydrolysis kettle, causing a fire.
       "4.9" poisoning and suffocation accident in Binhai Xiangquan Chemical Co., Ltd., Weifang City, Shandong Province
       On April 9, 2015, a poisoning and suffocation accident occurred in Weifang Binhai Xiangquan Chemical Co., Ltd., resulting in three deaths and two injuries, with a direct economic loss of about 3.3 million yuan. Before the incident, in order to reduce odor diffusion and improve biochemical reaction efficiency, the company arranged personnel to cover plastic shed on the upper part of aerobic tank and anaerobic tank after consulting from various parties, so as to accumulate toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide generated in the biochemical treatment process of wastewater. The workers who inhaled hydrogen sulfide did not wear protective equipment, and they did not enter the greenhouse.
       "4 · 16" explosion accident of Jiangsu Rugao Shuangma Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 16, 2014, a dust explosion occurred in the granulation workshop of Rugao Shuangma Chemical Co., Ltd., located in Dongchen Town, Rugao City, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, causing a fire. Nine people died, two were seriously injured and six were slightly injured, resulting in a direct economic loss of about 15.94 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is: the company did not take the measures to stop and empty the materials under the normal production condition of 1 ᦇ prilling tower, and directly carried out the welding operation on the cone at the bottom of the tower, resulting in the stearic acid dust explosion in the prilling system, which led to continuous explosion, causing the whole workshop burning, leading to the collapse of the plant and casualties.
       "4 · 23" explosion accident of Sichuan Nanchong Hongtai Biochemical Co., Ltd
       On April 23, 2011, an explosion occurred in Sichuan Hongtai Biochemical Co., Ltd., resulting in 4 deaths and 2 injuries, with a direct economic loss of more than 5.5 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is the long-term operation of the outlet pipe welded joint of the low temperature methanation furnace in the gas making workshop of the company under the condition of high temperature hydrogen containing medium, the defect exposure expansion and hydrogen leakage. When the system is not shut down and the safety measures are not in place, the leakage stoppage operation with pressure is carried out, and the operation produces sparks to detonate the leaked hydrogen.
       "4 · 24" poisoning and suffocation accident in Liaoning lighthouse North Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 24, 2014, a poisoning and asphyxiation accident occurred in Liaoning lighthouse northern Chemical Co., Ltd., causing three deaths and a direct economic loss of 3.29 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was that the company's hydrogenation workshop put the hose of sludge pump into the outlet pool of anaerobic tank without making a dangerous operation plan, going through the approval procedures for entering the confined space, purging the air in the outlet pool of anaerobic tank, and the operators did not wear protective equipment. One operator moved to the bottom of the pool along the iron ladder and tried to pull the hose up After entering the high concentration hydrogen sulfide gas, they fainted and fell into the sewage at the bottom of the outlet pool. The other two operators entered the pool blindly for rescue, and also fell into the sewage at the bottom of the pool due to inhaling high concentration hydrogen sulfide gas. Finally, three people died of hydrogen sulfide poisoning.
       chemical fertilizer
       Explosion accident of "4 · 19" water gas generator in Fengcheng chemical fertilizer plant of Jiangxi Province
       On April 19, 1994, an explosion occurred in the water gas generator of Fengcheng chemical fertilizer plant in Jiangxi Province, resulting in four deaths and five serious injuries, with a direct economic loss of 300000 yuan. The direct cause of the accident is that the safety valve is not installed on the pressure bearing jacket of the water gas generator, and the safety valve is installed on the steam drum connected with the jacket of the equipment, but the root valve does not work because it is closed. Before the operation of the equipment, the operator did not check the opening and closing status of the root valve of the drum safety valve, and did not pay attention to the observation of the pressure gauge during the operation. The steam generated in the jacket made the pressure in the jacket and the drum rise more than the limit pressure it could bear, so it could not be discharged from the safety valve, and eventually the explosion occurred.
       Inorganic chemical industry
       "4 · 24" deflagration accident in Inner Mongolia Yidong group Dongxing Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 24, 2019, the leakage of vinyl chloride gas holder of Inner Mongolia Yidong group Dongxing Chemical Co., Ltd., located in qixiaying Industrial Park, Zhuozi County, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia, spread to the calcium carbide cooling workshop, and ignited in case of fire source, resulting in 4 deaths, 3 serious injuries and 33 minor injuries, with a direct economic loss of RMB 41.54 million. The direct cause of the accident: according to the meteorological analysis report, the local wind reached level 7 on the night of the accident. Due to the lack of meteorological monitoring data at the accident site and the influence of terrain, the narrow pipe effect may lead to a strong wind above level 8 at the accident site. Due to the strong wind and the failure to carry out comprehensive overhaul according to the regulations of gas holder maintenance and repair, the vinyl chloride gas holder was stuck before the accident The pressure at the inlet of the compressor decreased, and the operator did not find the gas holder stuck in time, so he still increased the return flow of the compressor according to the conventional operation mode, and the gas flow into the gas holder increased. In addition, the gas flow was adjusted too fast, and the vinyl chloride broke through the annular water seal and leaked, spread to the low-lying place, and ignited when meeting the fire source.
       "4 · 4" hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident in Shanghai Songjiang Sheshan inorganic chemical factory
       On April 4, 2005, a hydrogen sulfide poisoning accident occurred in Sheshan inorganic chemical plant in Songjiang County, Shanghai, resulting in four deaths and three injuries. The direct cause of the accident is: when two workers in the production workshop of the plant were cleaning the sludge in the alkaline aluminum chloride tank, one of them fainted due to poisoning, and the other five workers went to the tank for rescue. Due to no protective measures, they all inhaled toxic gas, resulting in four deaths and three injuries.
       Chlorine leakage accident of "4 · 16" nitrogen trichloride explosion in Chongqing Tianyuan Chemical Industry
       On April 16, 2004, an explosion occurred in Chongqing Tianyuan general chemical plant, resulting in 9 deaths, 3 injuries, 150000 evacuations and direct economic losses of 2.77 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was the corrosion and perforation of the chlorine condenser tubes in the plant, and the calcium chloride frozen brine containing high concentration of ammonium entered the liquid chlorine system, generating highly explosive nitrogen trichloride. When the liquid chlorine in the liquid chlorine storage tank is treated by the way of gasification and chlorine removal, the nitrogen trichloride is enriched in the liquid chlorine storage tank, resulting in the explosion of nitrogen trichloride, resulting in a large amount of chlorine leakage, leading to the occurrence of accidents.
       "4 · 17" poisoning accident in Liaocheng Lanwei Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 17, 2003, the warehouse of Lanwei Chemical Co., Ltd. in Liaocheng City of Shandong Province leaked rain, causing combustion, resulting in 4 deaths, 6 severe poisoning and 127 mild poisoning. On the day of the incident, there was a sudden rainstorm in Liaocheng area, resulting in water accumulation around the warehouse (auditorium reconstruction) where the semi-finished product of sodium dichloroisocyanurate was stored. The rainwater overflowed the threshold of the warehouse and entered the warehouse. The semi-finished product of sodium dichloroisocyanurate stored in the warehouse was soaked, causing chemical reaction and severe heat release, spontaneous combustion, harmful chemical gases and serious poisoning accidents.
       "4 · 17" leakage and explosion accident of vinyl chloride in Zunyi alkali plant of Guizhou Province
       On April 17, 1996, an explosion occurred in Zunyi alkali plant in Guizhou Province, resulting in three deaths, two serious injuries and four minor injuries, resulting in a direct economic loss of 790000 yuan. The direct cause of the accident was that the staff in the PVC workshop of the plant threw the pipe tongs from high to low, and the pipe tongs bounced on the ground, hitting the blowdown pipe of the vinyl chloride intermediate tank, causing cracks. The leakage of vinyl chloride monomer and the formation of explosive mixture gas with the air, and the friction electrostatic fire caused by the high-speed vinyl chloride monomer, thus causing space combustion and explosion.
       "4 · 22" explosion accident of Hunan Yanling Huafeng Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 22, 2011, a combustion and explosion accident occurred in Huafeng Chemical Co., Ltd. in Yanling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, causing 6 deaths and 4 injuries, resulting in a direct economic loss of 3.36 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was that ammonium perchlorate dust accumulated in the electrical switch cabinet of the drying and packaging workshop of the company. The non explosion proof electrical equipment inside produced electric spark, detonated the dust, burst open the electrical switch cabinet, caused the secondary explosion of ammonium perchlorate dust around, and ignited the finished products of ammonium perchlorate in the workshop and nearby warehouse.
       "4 · 25" deflagration accident in Jiangxi Zhangjiang Chemical Co., Ltd
       On April 25, 2016, a deflagration accident occurred in the trial production process of hydrogen peroxide device in Jiangxi Zhangjiang Chemical Co., Ltd., resulting in three deaths and one minor injury, with a direct economic loss of about 15 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is: in the preparation stage of trial production, the acidic oxidation working fluid should be alkaline. After the emergency shutdown, the person in charge of production tried to recycle the unqualified working fluid, illegally discharged the oxidizing working fluid into the acid storage tank, and added phosphoric acid to try to adjust the oxidizing working fluid to acid again. However, hydrogen peroxide in the acid storage tank rapidly decomposes and releases heat under alkaline conditions, producing high temperature and combustion supporting gas oxygen, which causes the pressure of the tank to rise sharply and explode, and ignites the oxidation working fluid.
       Major poisoning and suffocation accident of "4 · 26" Contractor in Tianjin Bohua Yongli chemical company
       On April 26, 2018, a poisoning and asphyxiation accident occurred during the maintenance operation of the synthetic ammonia shift section of Tianjin Bohua Yongli Chemical Co., Ltd., resulting in three deaths and two injuries. The direct cause of the accident was that when nitrogen was used for system air tightness test during equipment overhaul of Yongli chemical company's coal chemical division, it was found that there was leakage at manhole of 3 ᦇ shift converter in ammonia shift section. When the Contractor's inspection and maintenance personnel disassembled manhole cover to replace gasket without handling maintenance work order, nitrogen leakage in 3 ᦇ shift converter caused poisoning and suffocation accident.
       medicine
       "4.15" serious fire poisoning accident of Jinan Qilu Tianhe Huishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
       On April 15, 2019, an accident occurred in Qilu Tianhe Huishi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. during the pipeline reconstruction of the basement of the freeze-drying workshop, resulting in 10 deaths and 12 injuries. The dead included three employees of Tianhe Huishi company and seven construction workers of Xinbang Construction Group Co., Ltd. (Contractor), resulting in a total direct economic loss of 18.67 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was the illegal hot work in the basement pipeline reconstruction process of the fourth workshop of Tianhe company. The welding slag or spark generated by electric welding or cutting ignited the refrigerant synergist (mainly composed of oxidant sodium nitrite, organic benzotriazole and sodium benzoate) stacked on the site, which instantly produced deflagration and released a large amount of toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, causing the accident On site construction and monitoring personnel died of poisoning and suffocation.
       "4 · 18" poisoning accident of Anhui Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
       On April 18, 2012, a poisoning accident occurred in Anhui Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., resulting in three deaths and four injuries, with a direct economic loss of more than 4.5 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is: without safety permission, formal design and construction scheme, the company reformed the a-bromo-p-hydroxyacetophenone production unit and added solid phosgene batching kettle. When steam was used to directly heat the batching kettle for production, phosgene leakage occurred, leading to poisoning accident.
       coal chemical industry
       "4 · 8" explosion accident of Taihe Coal Coking Group Co., Ltd. in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia
       On April 8, 2014, an explosion occurred in the chemical production workshop of Taihe Coal Coking Group Co., Ltd. in Wuhai City, Inner Mongolia, causing three deaths and two injuries, with a direct economic loss of about 2.3 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident is: in the process of pipeline modification, the company used electric welding for hot work without isolation from the production system, purging and replacement, isolation of hot work point and gas analysis, and the welding spark entered the unsealed manhole of the circulating tank, detonating the gas entrained into the circulating tank by desulfurization liquid.
       "4 · 26" explosion accident of Shanxi Yongxin Coal Coking Co., Ltd
       On April 26, 2014, a gas explosion accident occurred in Shanxi Yongxin Coal Coking Co., Ltd. during the maintenance of the return gas pipeline, resulting in 4 deaths and 31 injuries, with a direct economic loss of about 4.8 million yuan. The direct cause of the accident was that the size and location of the blind plate installed in the gas return pipe of the company did not meet the safety requirements, resulting in the gas entering into the gas main pipe through the gap between the blind plate and the flange, and leaking from the interface of the removed 1 × 1 boiler flowmeter. The leaked gas enters the duty room, exchange room and the middle corridor of coke oven through doors and windows, and explodes in case of fire source.
       other
       "4 · 2" deflagration accident of Anhui Anqing Wanhua oil products Co., Ltd
       On April 2, 2017, in Wanhua oil products Co., Ltd. of Daguan Economic Development Zone, Anqing City, Anhui Province, Shengming company organized eight workers to start crushing and repacking a black material in the second East Room of the drying, crushing and repacking workshop. At about 17:00, when the pulverizer was restarted, the lower part of the pulverizer burst out and ignited the materials on the operation surface instantly. The fire spread rapidly and ignited the materials in the chemical raw material warehouse, causing 5 deaths and 3 injuries. The cause of the accident was that Wanhua oil products company illegally rented the workshop to Shengming company which did not have the conditions for safe production; Shengming company illegally organized the production, and its product crushing, collection and sub packaging operation site did not have the conditions for safe production, and there was no dust removal facilities, which led to the accumulation of combustible dust and deflagration of electric sparks generated by non explosion proof electrical appliances. At the same time, due to the unreasonable workshop layout and production organization arrangement, the operators have no emergency response ability, which leads to the expansion of the accident.
       Jiangsu Deqiao storage Co., Ltd. "4 · 22" fire accident
       On April 22, 2016, a fire broke out at No. 2 exchange station in the tank farm of Jiangsu Deqiao storage Co., Ltd., which resulted in the death of a fire fighter and direct economic loss of RMB 25.3214 million. Direct cause of the accident: before the hot work of No.2 exchange station pipeline, Deqiao company organized the contractor to carry out the illegal hot work without cleaning the oil in the trench, analyzing the combustible gas, covering the trench under the hot work point, laying sand and other measures for isolation, which caused sparks to ignite the combustibles in the trench.        Explosion accident of fertilizer plant in Waco, Texas
       On April 17, 2013, an explosion occurred at the West fertilizer plant in Waco, Texas, USA, killing 15 people, injuring 260 people and damaging more than 150 buildings. The explosion produced a huge shock wave, covering an area of 80 kilometers, and the intensity of the explosion was equivalent to a 2.1 earthquake. At the time of the accident, West fertilizer plant had about 240 tons of ammonium nitrate and 50 tons of anhydrous ammonia, and the storage of dangerous goods exceeded 1350 times of the minimum limit required by the government, but it did not report to the U.S. Department of homeland security as required. According to the investigation, the possible causes of the accident are as follows: the molten ammonium nitrate in the storage room may be decomposed by heating to produce oxidation gas, which will be mixed with the thick smoke to form an explosion vapor cloud and then explode; the external wall is heated to cause the explosion of fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate stacked in the storage room; if the explosion starts from the hoist shaft near the storage room, the most likely explanation is the transfer of ammonium nitrate and combustion after the collapse of the storage room wall The rubber of the belt mixed into the hoist shaft and exploded in the storage room.
       Allyl alcohol leakage accident of mfg Chemical Co., Ltd., Georgia, USA
       On the evening of April 12, 2004, a runaway chemical reactor of mfg Chemical Co., Ltd. in Dalton, Georgia, USA, leaked during the production of triamcyanate (TAC), releasing highly flammable and toxic allyl alcohol and allyl chloride vapor, resulting in mild chemical burn of one worker, treatment of 154 people and evacuation of nearby residents. Cause of the accident: uncontrolled chemical reaction led to rapid pressurization in the reactor and failure of manhole seal, thus activating the overpressure safety device. Due to the failure to control the release of toxic vapor cloud and stop the runaway chemical reaction, the leakage did not end until the chemical reaction stopped.
       Explosion accident of nitroglycerin in wasag chemical plant in belm, Germany
       On April 16, 1978, a strong explosion occurred in the nitroglycerin washing workshop of Holten factory in belm city of wasag Chemical Co., Ltd. in Germany, which caused the death of other workshops. Three people died and seven people were injured in the accident. Cause of the accident: the accident occurred when 600 kg nitroglycerin / nitroethylene glycol (60 / 40) was transported to the filtration workshop after washing. It may be the worker's wrong transportation operation, which caused the explosion of this mixed nitrate. The explosion also caused the death explosion of 100kg of filter workshop and 1900kg of nitroglycerin / nitroethylene glycol (60 / 40) in mixing workshop, which expanded the explosion disaster and destroyed all buildings within 800m from the explosion center.
       Fire accident in Jubail chemical plant, Saudi Arabia
       On April 16, 2016, a fire broke out at a chemical plant in the industrial city of Jubail in eastern Saudi Arabia, killing 12 people and injuring 11 others. The chemical plant is located in Jubail industrial city, which belongs to Jubail United Petrochemical Company. At the time of the accident, the Contractor's technicians at the chemical plant were carrying out routine maintenance and equipment replacement. Although the fire was put out within 10 minutes, some people on the scene were suffocated due to the heavy smoke.
       Leakage and explosion accident of chemical plant in Veracruz, Mexico
       On April 20, 2016, Pemex exploded at a large petrochemical facility in Veracruz state, killing 32 people, injuring more than 130 people and evacuating hundreds of people. Mexico's national oil company said the explosion occurred in one of the company's largest oil export ports, one of the third chlorination plant near the port of Coatzacoalcos, the explosion was caused by "leakage".
       Explosion accident of chemical fertilizer carrier in Texas
       On April 16, 1947, the deadliest industrial accident in American history occurred in Texas: a ship loaded with 2300 tons of ammonium nitrate caught fire and exploded, causing another cargo ship loaded with ammonium nitrate and sulfur to explode again more than ten hours later. Nearly 600 people died and more than 3500 people were injured. Only one member of the Texas fire volunteer team participated in the fire fighting One person survived with a direct property loss of $100 million.
       Isobutene leakage and explosion accident of kmco chemical plant in Crosby, Texas, USA
       On April 2, 2019, isobutene leakage and explosion occurred in kmco chemical plant in Crosby, Texas, USA, causing one death, two serious burns and at least 30 workers injured in varying degrees. The authorities issued a one mile radius local refuge order to surrounding communities. Cause of the accident: a 3-inch diameter gray cast iron Y-type filter connected to the isobutene feeding pump leaked isobutene. After the isobutene leaked, it quickly generated combustible vapor cloud, which ignited and exploded when it met the ignition source.